Regulating device for multicylinder explosion motors



Sept. 2,- 1930. K. scHMlDT I 1,774,729

REGULATING DEVI ECE' FOR MULTICYLIKIDER EXPLOSION MOTORS Filed Mrch 25, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 K. SCHMIDT 1,774,729 REGULATING DEVICE FOR MULTICYLINDER EXPLOSION MOTORS Sept. 2, 1930.

2 sh eetbsheet 2 Filed March 23, 1927 EEHiE. H

ll/lll rlzzr Patented Sept. 2, 1930 curre- ATENT orFIcE KURT SCHMIDT, 0F COLOGNE-HOLWEIDE, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO MOTORENFABRIK DEUTZ, AKTIEITGESELLSCHAFT, 0F COLOGNE-IDEUTZ, GERMANY REGULATING DEVICE FOR MULTICYLINDER EXPLOSION MOTORS Application filed. March 23, 1927, Serial No. 177,802, and in Germany March 26, 1826.

Multi-cy ind-er explosion motors have been operated hitherto in this manner that either the regulation the amounts of the components "for the mixture (air and fuel) and the formation of the mixture was effected in a member common to all cylinders or at least to a certain number or group or settnereo't, the finished mixture being then supplied from that member to the individual cylinders, or that every cylinder was proi' ided with a member receiving the air and the "fuel in regulated amounts, but separated from each other, this member (for instance an inlet valve with controlled strok eiiec-ting the mixture 0t said two components and determining the admission.

'The first of said two arrangements suitors from a certain drawback detrimental at least as regards larger motors, in which large amounts of the explosive mixture are present in the pipes between the mixing places and the" individual cylinders. In the case of back-lire that occurs now and then in ofall precautions that large amount of explosive mixture will explode at a time,

leaving nothing for the respective set or group of cylinders, or for the entire motor,

and entailing variations of the number 0t revolutions of the motor as an unavoidable consequence, especially as regards four-cylinder and six-cylinder motorsundesired explo sious ot the kind stated can be very detrimental to the motor by reason of the length of the supply pipes.

The second arrangement mentioned obvi ates, it is true, such dangers of service, but regards multi-cylinder motors they require much space, are expensive a' d do not represent a solution of th problem tormng the basis of the present invention, via, turning a Diesel engine into an explosion en ine quichly and'without considerable changes. 7 l The present invention presents a solution of said problem; it starts from the first mentioned arrangement but obviates completely the drawbacks connected with the same. The motor operates in general after the principle according to which the mixture is burnt with courta'nt volume, but the effect sought to be attainedaiid being attainedis, more precisely, attained by providing a common fuel regulating member and a common air regul ting member either for all cylinders of the motor, or tor a set or group of the cylinders, and both regulating members are adjusted or re-adjusted at a time and corresponding to the load, but mixing the fuel and the air with each other is eff cted at the individual cylinders, separately for each thereof. It is suited to the purpose to supply the to the cylinders through a common pipe arranged within the common air pipe, and through individual pipe branches. There may, however, be modifications of this arrangement in order to accommodate the motor plant to particular local conditions. Thus, for instance, the air pipe may lie within the pipe, or both pipes may lie side by side. There is also provided for every pipe branch that terminates within an air pipe branch, or tor every air )ipe branch that terminates within a gas pipe branch, an adjusting device that is accessible from the outside and extends through the gas pipe wall or through the air pipe wall, as the :ase may be.

It is in this way rendered possible to determine accurately the cylinder charges with respect to one another, as well as to obtain a. good mixture of the or fuel vapor veil with the air current.

' The two and air regula-ing members are acted on by the governor so that the amounts of the gas and the air are determined in dependency of the lead. A cording to the invention a separate control cam is pro ided for each of said members, and the shape of each cam is, independent of the other cam, so chosen that the adjustment of the most favorable proportion of the components of the mixture is warranted for the entire range of the loads. The automatic regulation of the respective amounts requires, however, a temporary correction in order to make up for the varying condition of the gases regards its calorific value, per

centage oi": methane, and the like, as well the varying 'iressures of the gas and the air. The lmown preliminary adjustment of a certain distinct sectional area for the gas and the air entails the consequence that an adjust- CAL ment of the composition forming the mixture with consideration of the load existing at the time being proves correct just for that load, but incorrect for all other loads. Also this drawback is obviated with the present invention in that the proper proportion ol the components for all loads can be adjusted by one manual re-adjustment of the gas regulating member independent of the governor. Hereby that length between the cam shalt axis and the valve control edge that is decisive for the free regulating sectional area is varied one time, and this variation may be ellected either by extending the spindle or by turning the cam or by any other suitable means. The opening characteristic of the valve is, in the case in question, so designed that it does not increase linearly with the stroke, but varies according to the curves ot the second order.

In developing the present invention it was discovered that particular value must be placed upon preventing at all events the motor from racing, that is to say, the gas regulating device must be closed, when the governor sleeve is ascending (increasing number of revolutions), always independent of the opening or closing of the air regulating device. This is attained, according to the present invention, by the feature that the governor interrupts the gas supply by means of a peculiar shape of an edge of a control member, as more fully described hereinafter; the air supply is however interrupted positively.

Shutting oil the gas supply valve semipositively can be attained by moving the shutting members proper of both devices or 'alvesin opposite directions, but it is also possible to design the air-regulating valve as slide-valve without abutment, and the gas regulating device as valve proper, the opposite directions of motion of the shutting olt' members proper of the slide-valve and of the other valve being, however, maintained. Irrespective of the uosition of the air-slide, the gas valve will always be closed when the governor sleeve is ascending, whereby racing of the motor is elicctively prevented.

The invention illustrated diagrammati cally and by way of example on the accompanying drawing on which Figure 1 is a horizontal section through the cylinder heads of an upright multi-cylinder motor, the plane of section 1 coinciding with that of the air and gas supply pipes, and Figure 2 is a vertical section through the common gas and air regulating devices. Figures 3 and l are axial sections through such valves as are shown in 2.. these tigures being drawn to an enlarged scale relative to Fig. 2, and the planes of section lying at right angles with respect to the plane of section of Fig. 2.

The end cylinder at of a multi-cylinder motor (sha is connected with a regulating casing Z; comprising a central gas-chamber 72 and an air-chamber b enclosing the chamber 6 A gas pipe 0 conducts the combustible gas to the gas chamber 6 and the admission of the gas to the gas control chamber (Z, or to the gas suction pipe (Z, is controlled by the relieved double-seat valve (1. The combustion air passes through the perforated cover 7 into the air-chamber 6 1nd is then further conducted through the relieved double slide-valve to the air control chamber h, or to the air pipe it. In the example shown on the drawing by way of example the gas is supplied to the cylinders through the common gas pipe (Z located within the common air pipe it. Branches (W, (.Z extend forth from the gas pipe d, and branches it, 7/ extend forth from the air pipe h, and all these branches are connected up to the appertaining cylinders. Mixing the currents of gas and air that are regulated in common and in dependency of the load by the regulating members a and y takes place in the branches ii, i of every cylinder and is effected by valve spindle Z Z pro 'ided with valve s 111*, m and adjustable from the outside by suitably provided screw-threads, these valves permitting the entrance of a fuel-vapor veil into the sucked-in air. The mixture thus formed is supplied to the appertaining cylinder through inlet valves 0 located immediately behind the respective place of mixing. The combustion gases are discharged through exhaust branches P P The valve spindles Z Z are secured in their proper places, after properly adjustment, by means of counter nuts 9 and g or equivalent members.

Controlling the regulating members e and 5 for gas and air is effected counter to springs r and s over rolls a and g and cams t and u by means of the cam shaft arranged above said regulating members and re-adjusted in (lCl. endency from the load by means of the governor (not shown) and the rod o. In order to render possible an accommodation to the varying condition and the varying state of the combustible gas provision is made to render possible an adjustment of the air re ulating slide-valve relative to the gas regu at ing valve. in that the length of the spindle oi the air slide-valve can be altered by hand. In the example shown the upper part of the spindle mentioned terminates in a sleeve 03 into which the lower part of the spindle is screwed. The upper part of the spindle cannot be turned by the intermediary of square body ;2 to \v'illCl'l a wrench or the like can be applied. In order to effect the variation of the controlling sectional area not linearly with the stroke, but in such a measure that the correct proportion of mixture is Warranted over the total range of loads the controllin edge is shaped somewhat parabolic.

lVhile the gas regulating member is designed as a relieved double-seat valve, the air regulating member is designed as a relieved double slide-valve having no abutment the closing movements and the opening movements of the two valves are counter to one another wnereby the gas Valve can be closed irrespective of the position of the air slide-valve at the time being.

This will become more clear from Figs. 3 and i which show that the two cams t and u affixed to their common shaft w are turned in the direction of the arrow shown on the top of both figures. The valve 6 is operated positively by the cam t by the intermediary of the roll 6, but the valve 9 is operated by the spring 8 when the cam u, by the intermediary of the roll g, permits this spring to act. Thisis true, in a certain sense, also of the spring '1" of the valve 6, but while this spring tends to open the valve 6, the spring 8 tends to close the valve g. The closure of this valve is, therefore, not positive. Now, it must be borne in mind, that the valve g is the air-valve and the valve 6 the gas-valve. The gas-valve will be completely closed at any speed of the engine, irrespective of whether also the air-valve has already been closed or not. It is obvious that racing of the motor can be completely prevented in this way, irrespective of how the manually operable adjusting device by which the ratio between the sectional area of the passages of the two valves is determined has been adjusted.

One side of each passage, viz, the side where there is the movable member of the valve, i. e. the tubular member, is curved, as shown, and the curves are so designed that when both valves are re-adjusted at a time, i. e. when the free sectional area of their passages is increased or decreased, the ratio does not remain the same as before but is altered according to a certain law. I wish it, however, to be understood that that change of the ratio mentioned can be attained also when one only of the twp valves is tubular and has curved outer surfaces on the portions where there are the gaps, or on one or the other of these portions, Whereas the other valve can be designed as a conical valve or slidevalve or dislevalve or the like.

I claim:

1. A regulating device for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines for gaseous fuels comprising in combination a member common for a group of cylinders and adapted to regulate the gaseous fuel, another member also common to that group of cylinders and adapted to regulate the air to be mixedwith that gaseous fuel, separate control cams for these members and a common shaft having said cams aflixed to it and being turned according to the load of the engine by a governor, means combined with the gas and the air regulating members the power to shut the gas regulating member tightly ofi' being derived directly from its proper cam by the interposition of rigid parts while the power to shut the air regulating member is derived from flexible means such as springs etc., so that the gas regulating member is shut off unhindered by any position of the air regulating member.

2. A regulating device for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines provided with a governor and intended for gaseous fuel, comprising, in combination, a member common for a group of cylinders and adapted to be actuated by said governor and to regulate the gaseous fuel; another member also common to that group of cylinders and adapted to be actuated by the said governor and to regulate the air to be mixed with said gaseous fuel, these regulating members being coupled to one another; and as many manually operable mixing members as said group comprises cylinders, substantially as set forth.

3. A regulating device for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines provided with a governor and intended for gaseous fuel, comprising, in combination, a member common for a group of cylinders and adapted to be actuated by said governor and to regulate the gaseous fuel; another member also common to that group of cylinders and adapted to be actuated by the said governor and to regulate the air to be mixed with that gaseous fuel; separate control cams for these members; a common shaft having said cams afiixed to it and being turned by the engine; and as manv manually operable mixing members as said group comprises cylinders, substantially as set forth.

4. A regulating device for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines provided with a governor and intended for gaseous fuel, comprising, in combination, a member common for a group of cylinders and adapted to be actuated by said governor and to regulate the gaseous fuel; another member also common to that group of cylinders and adapted to be actuated by the said governor and to regulate the air to be mixed with that gaseous fuel, these regulating members being coupled to one another; as many manually operable mixing members as said group comprises cylinders; and two separate pipes connecting each of said mixing members with the gas and the air regulating member respectively; and a manually operable mixing member at each of the said group of cylinders at the end of one of said pipes, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

KURT SCHMIDT. 

